Fault location observability rules for impedance-based fault location algorithms

Abstract

Various impedance-based fault location algorithms have been presented in the related studies. The algorithms need some phasor data of the power system provided by phasor measurement units (PMUs), implying the necessity of PMU placement to attain fault location observability. This paper develops fault location observability rules associated with some important impedance-based fault location algorithms based on known state observability theories. The algorithms include two-ends measurements, one-end measurements, one bus space, only synchronized voltage measurements, and wide-area measurements. The developed rules are used to obtain an index that indicates the number of transmission lines that fault location on them is not possible. The index forms a main constraint or a part of the objective function for the defined PMU placement problem to determine the optimal placement of PMUs for state estimation observability and fault location observability. The proposed rules and optimization problem are applied to IEEE 14, 30, 39, and 57 buses test networks to study different scenarios.

Authors: Sayed Hamid Hosseini Dolatabadi, Mohammad Esmail Hamedani Golshan

Published in: Electric Power Systems Research; Volume 224, November 2023, 109771

Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2023.109771